Boost Juice Case Study Essay

3 reasons for Boost Juice experiencing economies of scale 1 – Purchasing inputs and raw materials in bulk †¢ Buying in bulk means that the average cost of each unit of raw material is cheaper than if each unit was bought individually †¢ In one year alone, Boost juice goes through more than 35 tonnes of mangos and you still have all of the other range of fruits that are bought. Therefore buying in bulk means that the average cost of the raw material decreases which therefore, using the value chain, means that the average cost per output decreases as output increases. †¢ As the order value increases, a business obtains more bargaining power with suppliers. It may be able to obtain discounts and lower prices for the raw materials 2- Cheaper marketing costs pet outlet †¢ Due to the rapid expansion of boost since it was established in 2000 (on average one new boost store opens every 4 days) has meant that the cost of advertising per outlet has decreased (e.g. if you had one outlet and advertising cost $10,000 and then the business expanded to 10 outlets it would mean that cost of advertising per outlet would go from $10,000 to $1000) †¢ This has enabled boost to undergo further marketing strategies which in turn brings more consumers to the product meaning that the price of each unit output would decrease 3- Economies of scale can be defined as reductions in costs per unit of output as output increases and so therefore arise when the cost per unit falls as output increases. They are the ‘savings of size’ if a firm is able to increase the size of its plant or operations in the long run production period. A business that is experiencing economies of scale in the present is the smoothie and juice making company called Boost Juice. Established in  2000, Boost Juice, managed by successful entrepreneur Janine Allis, is a business that has been able to be extremely successful through domination of their market and a number of marketing strategies that has enabled them to grow in size and thus currently be experiencing economies of scale. Since the very first Boost Juice was opened in 2000, the next 6 years saw the opening of 189 new stores and the rapid growth is still occurring today. There are two main types of economies of scale, internal and external each of which are leading factors as to why a business may currently be expericing economies scale. Within this case study of the highly profitable and highly successful business Boost Juice I will be discussing 3 of the reasons why Boost Juice are currently experiencing economies of scale which are bulk buying, cheaper marketing costs and —————— As stated above, economies of scale can occur due to both internal and external factors. One of the key internal factors of which has led to Boost Juice experiencing economies of scale is bulk-buying of raw materials and other inputs. Bulk buying can be defined as buying goods/ materials/ other inputs in large quantities which becomes highly relevant to business that are undergoing or have already expanded as a business due to the cost benefits that are associated with bulk buying. The leading cost benefit associated with the bulk buying is that the average cost of each unit of raw material is far cheaper that if each unit were bought individually. As businesses grow its essential that they order larger quantities of production inputs so that they can meet the increased demand and production. As the order value of wanted raw materials increases a business is able to obtain monopsony (buying) power with its supplier/s. This is extremely applicable to Boost Juice. Boost Juice is a highly successful fruit juice retailer thus requiring extremely large quantities of fruit (along with the other needed inputs). In one year, Boost Juice goes through more than 35 tonnes of mangoes alone and when you consider all of the other fruits that Boost Juice will have to purchase as inputs there is an extremely large quantity of fruit that needs to be supplied. Therefore buying in bulk is much more cost effective as it makes the unit price per input much cheaper through the cost volume benefits of buying in bulk. Therefore, Boost Juice has been able to experience economies of scale in the present through bulk  buying which drastically reduces the unit price per input, which reduces the cost of output.

Advertisement Analysis: job for keen young school leavers

1) The advertisement uses a few methods to attract people to the job. In the add it is mentioned that they are looking for â€Å"keen young school leavers†, as there are many school graduates who are looking for a job, especially a job where the â€Å"starting pay is BD 5,000 rising to BD 9,000†. In the ad it is also mentioned that â€Å"opportunities for promotion are available†. 2) A flexible candidate would be needed to fill the job in Awali hospital as well as any hospital, because constant attention is needed so that the patients can receive the best treatment possible. the technician would be needed to ‘hook up' or fix medical and other types of equipment, like x-ray machines or even light bulbs. 3) We had in mind many options for publishing the ad. We thought about putting the ad in certain jobs magazines but after conducting a small questionnaire sometime in the past we found that the Gulf Daily News was the most read newspaper, and was read by many students which was the target audience. 4) We asked the applicants to write an application form as well as sending a supporting letter to show how much the applicant actually wants the job and also to analyse the applicant's English ability and standard. Also you can read Analysis July at the Multiplex 5) A formal interview s not sufficient to test all the wanted information, that's why we chose to test the applicants, we can also design the test to test them on anything we feel we want to test them on. 6) We issue a set of terms and conditions to our staff beforehand to guarantee that they fully understand the hospital policy and can take into account some of the benefits such as â€Å"sickness benefit scheme† which will be an added bonus. Moreover, employees know how many days holiday they get in a year and no more than what we have specially agreed on. 7) Our employees have joined a union which exists to represent and protect the interests of the their members, and to give advice and information on a whole range of issues such as: pay, pension, sick pay, conditions, holidays, hours, redundancies, training, health and safety and changes in the working practices. The big advantage for a worker is that a union can take part in â€Å"collective bargaining† this is when the union signifies the employee and offers to negotiate with the employer, discussing any unresolved issues in the workplace. Read also  Case 302 July in Multiplex 8) We emphasize our principles of equal opportunities in our advert to aim and give all individuals identical rights and opportunities regardless of who they are. In addition, we needed to follow the Sex and Discrimination Act which helps prevent any sex discrimination in the work place. We also follow the Race Relations Act that was passed in 1976 under this act no one should be discriminated against their race. We also follow the Disability Discrimination Act which was passed in 1995 overall, we believe in equal rights therefore we will take anyone, any race, any sex, whether disabled or not as long as they are dedicated to the job.

Student Portfolio Assessment Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Student Portfolio Assessment - Dissertation Example Yet, researchers lack an agreement on the components of listening. Various research studies attempted to provide empirical support (Buck & Tatsuoka, 1998; Kostin, 2004) and theoretical taxonomies Mendelsohn, 1994) for the sub-skills of listening processes. None of these taxonomies could be exhaustive and comprehensive descriptions of the listening process (Buck, 2001). Literature Review The literature reviewed in this paper concentrates on studies relevant to testing listening. Powers (1985) aimed to validate the use of TOEFL listening tests and investigated listening activities important to academic success across disciplines. Powers conducted surveys to faculty members, students, and admission officers at universities. The survey investigated the importance of various listening activities to academic success and problems with these activities for native and nonnative speakers. The results may be used to check validity of test score uses. The following activities were rated as very important in academic contexts. Identifying major themes or ideas Identifying relationships among major ideas Identifying the topic of a lecture Retaining information through note-taking Retrieving information from notes Inferring relationships between information Comprehending key vocabulary Following the spoken mode of lecture Identifying supporting ideas and examples Several studies investigated the factors affecting item difficulty of the TOEFL listening comprehension test. Nissan et al (1995) was the initiating study that investigated the stimulus-related and item-related features that contributed to item difficulty. They used TOEFL dialogue items and Equated Delta, an item difficulty index from classical test theory, to predict item difficulty. Seventeen independent features common in dialogue items were selected as variables. Using 283 TOEFL dialogue items, the study found five variables that have a significant impact on the Delta: word frequency, utterance pattern, negative in stimulus, explicit/implicit information, and role of speakers. Infrequent vocabulary was the word that was not on Berger's (1977) list. The utterance pattern showed that when the second utterance was in the form of statements, the items were significantly more difficult than those that ended in a question. More than one negative in the stimulus significantly increased the mean Delta value. The items that required test takers to identify implied information tend to be more difficult than those that required understanding of explicit information. When the speaker was not a casual acquaintance or a classmate, the item became significantly more difficult. In terms of the effect of the combinations of those five variables, the study found that combinations of variables had stronger impact on the item difficulty index than any individual variable. Combinations of three variables, word frequency, utterance pattern, and inference, had the greatest impact on the Delta. This study was mean ingful to identify the significant features of listening tests that could predict item difficulty. However, the features were selected based on the linguistic characteristics of texts and items without theoretical considerations. Thus, the generalization of finding could be limited to the effect of textual characteristics on item difficulty. Several studies followed their research frame. While Nissan et al used the items of the

Sustainability Challenge Associated with Urban Dynamics Essay

Sustainability Challenge Associated with Urban Dynamics - Essay Example Urban sprawl did not start recently. It started a long time ago. Here, we find that the rich had a desire to seek the pleasure of living in secluded areas with low population densities. The Chinese and the Romans historically practiced this habit of the rich living in suburbs with protective walls (Karen & J. Marshall, 2009 p 2). The sprawl in cities and towns always occur when the city has reached peak economic growth. Therefore, at first population density in the city center is normally high. As the city develops, this density reduces as people move away from the center due to improved services such transportation.Scholars, planners, public officials and community activists have offered many possibilities that cause urban sprawl. These causes include lack of comprehensive planning, rapid population growth, consumer preferences and subsidized infrastructure improvements.Lack of comprehensive planning is one of the principal urban sprawl causes. Poorly planned developments in the out skirts of urban centers often happen due to officials planning in a densely populated urban area without consulting nearby communities (Chiara et al, 2010, p 3). The resultant less densely populated regions demand high expenses for infrastructural development. Rapid population growth is another key factor responsible for urban sprawl especially in the Southern and Western United States regions (Klaufus, 2010, p 5). When the population of a city increases, people will tend to move spreading. further from the city centres. When communities in the urban fringes enjoy subsidies of roads, sewers and water from municipalities, unplanned developments easily sprawl in the regions. Some people prefer living in isolated places with much space for large homes, large yards and more bedrooms. This desire means movement of people away from densely populated city centres. The movement results in spreading of cities and progressively reduction in population density away from the city centre. A lack of understanding of unplanned growth consequences may also lead to urban sprawl. The government in most cases has not taken a consideration of the implications of urban sprawl. The government’s action of allowing developers to do as they wish may also cause urban sprawl. When people over depend on automobiles for transportation, urban sprawl may also result. Developments in the urban areas involve the use of materials such as stone, cement and asphalt. Subsidies on automobiles play a critical role in the spreading of urban sprawl. This, according to Hanson (1992), enables automobile owners to incur low costs of

Argument paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Argument paper - Essay Example Department of Transportation in educating the youth about the risks of this practice. The government may not know that a centralized-decentralized approach is effective in changing how people use their cell phones while driving. Furthermore, I think my youth audience almost certainly knows that texting is distracting and even deadly, but they think they can still do it without harming themselves and others. They need to fully be aware of the effects of texting to driving and to know their responsibility in spreading awareness in their communities. Audience-writer relationship I am part of the youth, so I know that texting is an addictive task because social networking and â€Å"being on† 24/7 is an addictive social norm, but I am different from texting drivers because I can turn off my cell phones while driving and not feel anxious about it. My primary audience does not know me, so I need to establish a credible persona by projecting myself as a responsible student who wants t o stop more deaths because texting while driving, and I can do this by describing the authority of my sources and establishing the connection between my claims and these reputable sources. For my secondary audiences, I also need to project a persona that I know the topic because of research and that they should trust because I am one of them and I want to promote their interests. The Weapon of Social Media against Texting-while-Driving Behaviors It is a social addiction that has become the number one teenage killer in the United States. No, it is not drinking and driving but the act of texting while driving. The Cohen research estimated that more than 3,000 teenage drivers died because of texting, while 300,000 were injured, compared to 2,700 teenagers who died from â€Å"drunk driving† (Ricks, 2013). Legislators have responded to this problem by banning texting for drivers in 39 states, but this is not enough. Aside from banning texting while driving, another important actio n that can effectively curb this harmful practice is through conducting a nationwide awareness-raising campaign that educates the youth about the effects of texting on drivers and creates a social network where stakeholders can share tips on how to stop the addictive practice of texting. The youth should know more about the negative effects of texting on their driving abilities and share their opinions with others on how to stop it because these actions can truly change their driving attitudes and behaviors in the long run. The government should stimulate and support a nationwide social media campaign that informs the youth about the negative effects of texting while driving and encourages their participation in changing mindsets and behaviors about this pernicious activity. The government must collaborate with the media, schools, and communities in educating students about the effects of texting on driving through a nationwide marketing campaign. Banning texting for drivers is not enough because it cannot, on its own, effectively change driving behavior. Delthia Ricks (2003), a correspondent for Newsday, reported that according to one study, texting bans are ineffective in directly decreasing vehicular accidents because many people continued to text and drive despite these bans. Dr. Andrew Adesman

Discussion board reply Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Discussion board reply - Assignment Example I believe that organizations should open the jobs for everyone by removing the restricting clause of age. This would promote equal opportunities for people from diverse background and help recruitment officers get the best applicant for the job. It is incorrect to say that target recruiting zeroes in on those select applicants most likely to possess the skill, knowledge and interest needed for the job openings because there are better and fairer ways to recruit applicants who fit best to the job (Bagley, Dalton * Ortegren, 2013). Online job application is one of the most effective ways of advertising the job and getting applications from applicants from diverse background who may fit the job specification. Moreover, online advertising also facilitates screening and calling for interviews only those candidates who fulfill job specifications. Target recruitment promotes discriminatory practices and therefore should be avoided by organizations. In the current times of rising unemployment, target recruitment deprives eligible candidates of the job opportunities. As such, it should not be encouraged and government should come up with stringent measures to dissuade the practice of target

Moraxella catarrhalis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Moraxella catarrhalis - Assignment Example The infection is most common as a nosocomial infection or in children with weakened immune system and immunocompromised adults. Moraxella catarrhalis has a beta-lactamase positive strain that is highly resistance to antibiotic activity. Further, the bacteria has outer membrane surface proteins such as CopB, OMP CD, OMP E, uspA1 and uspA2 that limit the extent to which the normal protective mechanisms of the body and drugs affect the proliferation and existence of the bacteria in the system. The possibility of the bacteria, to cross the placental barrier and cause infections in-utero, has not been established. However, the high prevalence of otitis media caused by the bacteria is suggestive of a close relationship. Morphology: Moraxella catarrhalis is a non-motile single-celled bacterium which is oxidase positive and nonsaccharolytic. It is a gram-negative diplococcic bacterium that is non-sporeforming and catalase positive. It occurs as spherical organisms appearing in pairs or in linear clusters. Staining, sensitivity and treatment: The bacteria is negative on gram stain. The bacteria is not sensitive to common antibiotics that cannot break the beta-lactam ring. The most effective treatment involves fluoroquinolones, second- and third-generation cephalosporins, erythromycin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid antibiotics. At risk population, prevention and precaution: Children with weak immune system, pre-existing respiratory conditions and immunocompromised individuals are at high risk. There is no known vaccine against Moraxella catarrhalis. However, control measures include personal protective equipment in the hospital setting, such as gloves, face masks and hand washing to prevent contamination. In the hospital setting, the patients should be isolated in special rooms and anybody with weak immune status or children must not come into

Critical Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Summary - Essay Example At this juncture it is interesting to take into account of what happened in Vancouver from the end of the nineteenth century to the earlier part of the twentieth century. The author illustrates how the common people came together with their own efforts to turn the mentioned city into a picturesque landscape. Furthermore the author has also highlighted that the middle class and the wealthier people was the pivotal force beyond this mammoth success. The paper comprises of three interrelated objectives and presents them in sequential manner. Each objective strengthens the other and eventually shapes into a coherent well thought paper. The way the paper starts with a narrow base then considers a broader aspect and then again pinpoint its focus deserves special attention. The primary objective of the concerned paper is to consider and analyse â€Å"specific influential decisions made by individuals or groups with regard to urban development† (Daunais, 1) that eventually led to the expansion of the legislation concerning plantation of the trees and boosted the effort for the same. The secondary objective of the paper is to relate the practise of the plantation followed in Vancouver within the previously mentioned time frame â€Å"to a broader cultural, professional, social and economic context† (Daunais, 1). To be precise the concerned paper leads an endeavour to illustrate â€Å"the dominant white English-speaking p opulation of Vancouver played a crucial role in developing Vancouver’s street tree programme from 1896 to 1925† (Daunais, 1). Besides the concerned paper also illustrates that even when the ambience is not particularly in favour, collective action on behalf of a few can bring significant changes without any external help. The author takes up an urban historical approach to fulfil her objectives. At the beginning the author gives a bird’s eye view of the history of street tree plantation, the evolution of

Literature review one and two Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

One and two - Literature review Example The study focuses on the issues of child abuse on three main age groups that it, parents of children below 11 years, teenagers between 11 – 17 years and a group between 18- 24 years. The sample on these three groups included 2,160, 2,275, and 1,761 subjects respectively (Radford et al. 2011, p. 218). However, the study does not give details on the sampling techniques, which were used at arriving in the stated representative sample. However, the fact that all ages were represented indicates that the findings were objective and credible. This study was an improvement of previous studies, which lacked in terms of objective representative samples. In their definition, child maltreatment is concerned with physical, emotional, and psychological ill-treatment. It also referred exploitation of children by certain members of the society including their parents, close friends, and strangers. Physical maltreatment included hitting, kicking, spanking and slapping of their children. Issues of neglect were also said to cause emotional problems to children. Neglect included denying children parental love, access to quality education and healthcare, and failure to provide them with general basic needs (Children’s Taskforce, Department of Health 2012, p. 865). The study findings indicated that 1.2% of the children less than 11 years were severely punished. However, it appeared that severe punishment increased as the ages increased. For instance, in the 7.1% of the group between the ages brackets 11-19 had been severely punished (Radford et al. 2011, p.300). This increased to 11.5% in 17-24 age brackets. In addition to that, it was indicated that over 0.5% of the children under the age of 11 had been sexually abused. This would however rise to 4.8% in the age bracket 11-19. In the final bracket of 18 – 24, 11.3% of the subjects had been exposed

Healthcare Right Or Privilege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Healthcare Right Or Privilege - Essay Example If the concept of healthcare is deemed as a right, healthcare as a privilege becomes self-evident and contradictory with the definition of right itself. Those, who are willing to argue that healthcare is a right, simultaneously propose a bunch of policies that ultimately turns healthcare as privilege. In this regard, Brian T. Schwarz (2008) says, â€Å"Ironically, those who claim health care is â€Å"a right and not a privilege† support policies that make it a privilege† (p.1). Even both theoretically and ethically healthcare as a privilege are more reasoning than it as a right. Since philosophically the definition of right pivots on the commonality of the individuals’ ability to do and to have anything that sustains them both physically and mentally, the concept of healthcare as a right requires some additional attributes. Healthcare is a Product produced by those in this Field In the first place, healthcare as a right asserts that one has the right to take care of one’s health to avail themselves of the available healthcare options. Also the basic concept of ‘right’ ensures that one’s right must not be entitled to what others produce without their consents. That is, one’s right must not harm others’ right. In the following lines MA Faria (1997) delineates what natural right is and what a state’s role in preserving it is: â€Å"Natural rights embody the concept of individual autonomy and negative rights that are inalienable and inherent to human beings. Natural rights†¦..like human rights can be exercised by all individuals simultaneously without infringing and trampling on the rights of others.† (p.98) If analyzed deeply, it will be evident that â€Å"healthcare consists of diagnoses and treatments by highly-trained medical professionals. It involves sophisticated products, instruments, and tests designed and developed at great investment, effort, and cost by scientists, enginee rs, and entrepreneurs. That is, people produce health care† (Schwarz, 2008, p. 2). The pattern of healthcare market in the USA has flourished to the stage at which the status of healthcare as a product has been rather boosted up by the mode the production of healthcare service. On one hand, the US healthcare industry has excelled both qualitatively and quantitatively in the past few decades. On the other hand, healthcare-cost has increased many times, as it is said in an article, According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Americans spent $1.3 trillion, or 13.2 percent of the gross domestic product, on health care in 2000. Since the mid-1960s, health care costs have increased at double-digit levels, far exceeding the rate of inflation. (Barlett & James, 2006, p. 34) In the face of the increasing cost of medical-care in the private, the Health Saving Account was started as a tax advantaged medical savings account in 2003. Health saving account (HSA) is an inv estment in individual health an option differentiated from health insurance cover. In this account the patient deposits savings in order to pay for their health care needs. This account allows people to pay for current health expenses and save for future medical and retiree health expenses on a tax-free basis. The goal of these

Poverty In The United States Essay Example for Free

Poverty In The United States Essay Abstract This paper discusses the articles, percentages and researches conducted on online (internet) about the United States (U.S) and the issues with poverty in America. The typical ‘poor American lives in an air conditioning home with cable, televisions, and computers and among other luxurious purchases. While some of the poor face severe hardship, like finding nutriment and housing. This paper also explores the history, healthcare, and low income of the U.S., and allowing the opportunity for discussing how and who could make a change in the future of American’s. Poverty in the United States and the Research of Where We Are Today A record number of Americans are living in poverty, about 46 million. That’s more than at any time since the Census Bureau begun tracking poverty data Marisol, Bello (2011).Why is this such a problem? Would you say it’s because of political factors and history, or lack of healthcare, low incomes, and better yet the choices we make and what we spend as Americans? The â€Å"official poverty level† first seeped into government parlance in 1961 when the Social Security Administration needed an objective measure of poverty for statistical purposes David, Hilfiker (2010) writes in his article. Cuts in Federal assistance for housing programs and social services have corresponded, with the rise in homelessness in the U.S. , during the 1950’s and 1960’s. Federal housing programs and services nearly eliminated homelessness: however, during the 1980’s till now housing   programs were slashed by half and the homelessness population in the U.S. began to grow and is still growing. In 2013 fifteen percent of our population lives in poverty Marisol, Bello (2011). They say that the share of children living in high poverty neighborhoods and those with poverty rates of thirty percent or more has increased by one in ten, putting children at a higher risk than teen pregnancy or dropping out of school. (Associated Press 2013), also exclaims by 2030 based on the current trend of loss of income close to eight five percent of all working age adults in the U.S. will experience attacks of financial anxiety. The (National Center for Children in Poverty, 2013) says research is clear that poverty is the single greatest threat to children’s well-being. Is this what are young inspires have to look forward to? A life that is set up to fail before our children has a chance to succeed. We need to act fast and change these numbers, before it’s too late! The combination of the low jobs, extraordinary cost of living and outrageous unemployment rates only intensify these problems and force numerous Americans to choose between food, housing, and other expenses. Studies show that money devoted to food is typically the first to be sacrificed, and families will often pay their fixed payments first, such as rent, utilities, and a car payment, rather than pay for food(Associated Press 2013). Even lack of reasonable medical care is a far reach for the poverty. The cost of health care and insurance has escalated dramatically over the past years and can cost families up to eight thousand dollars a year for families or individuals that lack health insurance. If an accident, rapid illness, or chronic disease arise this can be financially overwhelming. Welfare procedure needs to address the root of poverty not simply the system (Robert Rector, Rachel Sheffield 2011). Between families with kids the failure of marriages and loss of the work ethic are the primary long term reasons of poverty. Maybe if we could get some durable well established programs to instill are community on how not to plummet into poverty or get out, we could dramatically alter are future as Americans. For most the term â€Å"poverty† suggest near deprivation, which means an inability to provide nutritious nourishment, clothing, and sensible housing for one’s household. So how are people managing in a world of increasing economical insecurity? How poor is poor? Did you know based on a survey done by the Census Bureau written by Rector et al.’s (2011) â€Å"Eighty percent of poor households have air conditioning, in 1970’s only Thirty six percent of the entire U.S. population got to enjoy air conditioning. Ninety percent of the poor households have a microwave. Nearly three fourths have a car or truck and thirty one percent have two or vehicles. Two thirds have cable or satellite television. One halve of the poor population have a personal computer and one out of seven have two or more computers. More than half of poor families with children have a video game system, like the Xbox or PlayStation, and forty percent can afford internet access. One third has a widescreen plasma or LCD television†. It seems to me that the luxuries or significant purchases for the middle class a few decades ago have become a common place in poor households. With this said the letter by Dr. Roger Starner Jones was recognized by his frustration, as a tax payer by the stereo typical sentences he wrote. However; this Doctor as frustrated as he seemed, had little to know knowledge of the patients background or struggle of being unable to shake a life of poverty and help from the government. Nearly by the belongings she has. Why does the Doctor judge the Patient? Did he give her the medical attention that an American Citizen should receive? Or did he get so angry about the material things, she could of received as gifts or before her hard times, I believe he forgot the reason he became a Doctor. With one impossible choice after another between food, medicine, getting to work, and paying the heating bill. â€Å"Poverty is no longer an issue of ‘them’, but an issue of ‘us’,† says Mark Rank, a professor at Washington University in St. Louis Hi et al. (2010). We need to come together and discovery better resources to help our American people survive in hard times, and overcome our needs. We could possibly lower poverty by tackling its root causes, like low incomes and lack of reasonable housing, and by refining support services, like improving paying jobs, healthcare and housing. You never can predict the future, but you could be the next individual or family in crisis needing a helping hand. References Hilfiker, D., Tippett, K. (2010). A history of poverty in America. Onbeing.Org Bello, M. (2011). The poverty affects 46 million Americans. USA today 30.com Weekley,C., Associated Press.(2013). Four in five in the United States face near poverty, no work. Fox news.com/poverty Lawrence, S., National Center for Children in Poverty. (2013). Policies on welfare, marriage, and child well-being research. www nccp org. Rank, M The Associated Press. (2013). Poverty in America. www wjla com. Rector, R., Sheffield, R. (2011). Understanding poverty in the United States: surprising facts about America’s poor.

Group Definition Of Cross Cultural Awareness Management Essay

Group Definition Of Cross Cultural Awareness Management Essay The purpose of this report is to add to the group slide presentation on cross cultural awareness and the training program that was formulated to tackle the issue. Within this report there will be a summary of each the points that the group focused on. The task that the group were faced with was in the form of a training program that was geared towards increasing cross cultural awareness of a group of 10 British sales managers who work for IBM. Group Definition of Cross Cultural Awareness As more companies expand globally involving expatriates, the need for culture awareness has increased. The lack of cultural awareness is the main cause of misunderstanding and conflicts because of the cultural differences and where the behaviour perception of one culture may be different for another. (Cushner Brislin, 1996). The authors gave different names to cross-cultural awareness such as cross-cultural competence, cross-cultural training, intercultural competence and intercultural sensitivity. Based on several academic literatures, cross-cultural awareness means that a good understanding of its own culture will help the individual to understand more the others cultures and then to be more successful in cross cultural behaviour. In other words, the individual should be conscious enough of their own culture in developing the managers intercultural competence. That means increasing the ability to behave in intercultural way and improving communication across cultures as the intercultural competence shows consideration for others needs and fulfilment of ones own satisfactions (Gupta Govindarajan, 2002). In addition, cross-cultural awareness enables the individual to create a self-awareness through which he can identify his own knowledge and cultural values. Importance of Cross-Cultural Awareness Cross-cultural awareness is considered an important tool that reduces the consequences of cross-cultural conflict. It helps to learn how to behave in appropriate way across different cultures and create a feeling for these cultural differences. This results in enhancing cross-cultural communication skills like listening, speaking and observing which play a vital role to build trust between people of different cultures. The improvement of partnership skills as well, that requires a greater international collaboration. In addition, it decreases the cross-cultural misunderstanding and creates a winning working environment in the workplace. It is a business benefit and cost-effective solution for many companies since it maximizes their potential globally and develops the intercultural sensitivity of expatriates by providing better results to the organisation. It has a significant importance because the expatriates would understand and accept and build a strong relationship with people fr om various cultural backgrounds. Appropriateness of Training Bush and Thomas (2000) explain that it is of a main important for developing successful buyer-seller relationship. A sales manager will have to go through special training which we can call cultural diversity training. Before going through this training Bush and Thomas (2000) argue that it is a requirement for sales people to be exposed to a culturally diverse encounter. This phase will lead sales managers to realise the impact cultural diversity will have on business relationship and will enable them to be really aware of its importance, instead of neglecting it. Requirements can be achieved thanks to management training games such as the BAFA BAFA game. This game begins with the creation of two teams. The sales management team will have to be split into two teams that have different languages and cultures and will have to handle with the rules of the game, and to understand each culture. This game has a long history of success and it was proved to be a good tool to make people from different background work more effectively together. Once the sales managers are aware of the benefit cross cultural training could bring to them, they can move on the proper training. Montagno,R.(1996) say this will enable sales mangers to  acquire the three main qualities needed to do business abroad such as initiate conversation and establish and maintain a meaningful relationship. Type, content and length of training Seven types of training were identified by researchers Litrell and Salas (2005). These seven approaches are identified in the appendix. Each of the seven have their meanings, for example with regards to the groups specific training program, language training means that individuals do not have to become fluent but a general understanding of common courtesies in the host language is provided. (Befus 1988; Bennett 1986) It was decided that six months would be a worthy timescale for the training to take place in order to cover the ten methods and contents chosen by the group. These ten, were sourced from the handbook of intercultural training the ten can be viewed in table 1. These link to the groups definition of cross cultural awareness because the group had identified the key words, such as sensitivity, which is linked to the content of culture sensitizer. From the ten, a table (table 1) was created, which described factors such as what the outcome of the training will be, whether the training will give them knowledge into about or across cultures, what the learning styles would be as different people have different learning styles, for example British people have a different style to American people. The ten were chosen because we felt these were most likely to fit the definition of cross cultural awareness that we produced, for example self-awareness will give employees an understanding about their own culture as well as other peoples cultures. Table 1: Training Methods Cultural Effects Yang, et al (2009) suggest that the effect of trainees cultural background could be examines by Hofstede cultural dimensions. According to Hofstede (1994), nation cultural is defined as the collective programming of the mind in a nation or region. Hofstede (2009) suggested that cultural has several dimensions which include Individualism and collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, time orientation, power distance and masculinity and femininity. The review on cultural effect to the British participants learning performance will base on Hofstedes framework. Table 2 is a summary of the participants cultural effect: Table 2 Cultural Effects in Cross Cultural Training (Sources: Geert Hofstede, 2010) Dimensions Score Effects Approaches Individualism/Collectivism 89 The UK individualism cultural have higher intrinsic motivation than participants from collectivism cultural. The UKs participants valence and training motivation are higher when training is perceived to increase the competencies of individuals. The UKs participants cultural adopt a concrete, intuitive, and inductive learning style. Uncertainty Avoidance 35 The UK participants cultural training effectiveness is associated with a lower level of valence. Short/Long-term Oriented 51 The UKs culture has an average score on time oriented dimension. As a result, the course shall take care on both long-terms and short terms benefits. Power Distance 35 The UK participants cultural is higher when the training is implemented by using a decision-making process. Muscularity/ femininity 66 The participants culture will have higher training motivation and valence when training is perceived to increase the competencies of individuals. The UK has high individualism culture, Yang et al. (2009) showed that participants from individualism cultures have higher intrinsic motivation than participants from collectivism cultures and their valence and training motivation are higher when training is perceived to increase the competencies of individuals. Therefore, the training program should focus on increasing individual performance rather than organizations competencies. Yang, et al. (2009) reported individual cultures adopt a concrete, intuitive, and inductive learning style. As a result, the course shall include elements of solid example to gain best result from participants. They also suggested lower uncertainty avoidance cultural training effectiveness is associated with a lower level of valence. Consequently, the training shall include more individual works rather than group works. They found that the participants from short term oriented will require immediate benefit from the training program. However, the participants from long term oriented will require future benefit from the training program. The UKs culture has an average score on time oriented dimension. Therefore, the course shall take care on both long-terms and short terms benefits. Yang et al. (2009) found that the participants from short term oriented will require immediate benefit from the training program. However, the participants from long term oriented will require future benefit from the training program. The UKs culture has an average score on time oriented dimension. Therefore, the course shall take care on both long-terms and short terms benefits. They also suggested that masculinity cultural will have higher training motivation and valence when training is perceived to increase the competencies of individuals. Therefore, the training program should focus on increasing individual performance rather than organizations competencies. Evaluation The evaluation is an important stage to be considered in the implementation of cross-culture training. It aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cross-culture training by linking logically the content of measures to the training content (Kraiger et al, 1993), assess the improvement of participants awareness about cultural differences and whether the skills and knowledge learned from the training has been implemented in the workplace (Littrell, Salas, 2005) in order to provide recommendations for future cross-culture training. In order to evaluate IBMs cross-culture training, it is important for the evaluator to understand the meaning of culture awareness and sensitivity and set up success criteria for CCT program (Guzman, 2003). Only then they can evaluate participants knowledge and cross-culture training outcomes. The evaluation requires mixed methods including both qualitative and quantitative in order to increase the reliability of the findings. Thus, we will use various evaluation methods at this stage namely conducting interviews with participants in order to determine the change of their cognitive, affective and cognitive behaviour during the training, their self-maintenance and their adjustment to multicultural environment that have been also mentioned by Cross, et al, (1992) A set of congruent behaviours, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals and enables that system, agency, or those professionals to work effectively in cross cultural situations. Th is method will be followed by pre-training and post-training survey in order to rate their competency and ability to deal with different cultures in the workplace. The return on investment (ROS) should also be used in order to measure the outcomes of this CCT program. This will help to decide whether CCT program should be modified or not and improve it in the future. Conclusion In conclusion, the pace of globalisation has raised a great attention of managers on the cross-cultural issues due to the conflicts and misunderstanding encountered in the workplace. These issues led to harsh consequences taking the form of frustrated shareholders and business opportunity losses. Therefore, there is a growing need to have an extensive interpersonal skills and knowledge than in past (Kealey and Protheroe, 1996). In other words, companies with an international growth strategy, such as our company IBM, are getting to implement a cross-cultural training for their global managers dealing with individuals from various cultures and this was an effective strategy to achieve their multicultural objectives and organisational performances. The six-month cross-cultural training implemented in IBM sales department will be a mean for our managers to increase their cultural awareness both at the professional and individual level including their communication and negotiation skills. Word Count: 1500 (exclude the tables and references) Appendix: Presentation Slides

Precast System In Malaysia Construction Industry

Precast System In Malaysia Construction Industry The world has currently been alarmed with the issue of environment and sustainability, and indeed the construction industry has constantly been worried by the increasing cost of building maintenance and lifecycle issues. Therefore, in the last decade, IBS was promoted to enhance the importance of prefabrication technology rather than conventional method. Industrialised Building System (IBS) can be defined as a construction system in which components or elements of the structure such as column, beam, slab etc are manufactured in factories, on or off site, transported, positioned, assembled and constructed into structure with minimal additional site work. Malaysian government has adopted the IBS since sixties and underwent great efforts in this field (Thanoon et. al. 2003). The early attempt to apply IBS in Malaysia was the two pilot projects, the first project was Pekeliling Flats in Kuala Lumpur in 1964 and this project was undertaken by Gammon/ Larsen Nielsen using the Danish System of large panels in a pre-fabricated system. The second project was Taman Tun Sardon project, Gelugor, Penang in 1965 and this project was awarded to Hochtief/ Chee Seng using French Estoit System (Din 1984). In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) has classified the IBS system into 5 categories as Pre-cast Concrete Framing, Panel and Box Systems, Formwork Systems, Steel Framing Systems, Prefabricated Timber Framing Systems and Block Work Systems. The advantages used of IBS such as the reduction foreign workers, less wastage, less volume of building materials, increased environmental and construction site cleanliness and better quality control etc. thus these advantages also enhanced a safe and more organized construction site, and reduce the completion time of construction. Unfortunately, the adoption of precast system in IBS still low in current state of Malaysia construction industry. 1.2 Problem Statement Industrialised Building System (IBS) was well known in many developing countries as it provides high level quality construction, more cost competitive, rapidly increases construction period, reduces dependence on foreign labour, reduces wastage environmental-friendly and maintains cleanliness at construction sites. The Governments IBS Roadmap 2011 to 2015 will increase the existing IBS content to 50 per cent in the private sector Malaysia. Till now, the usage of IBS content in the private sector is less than 10 per cent. The roadmap also plans to sustain the existing momentum of 70 per cent IBS content for the public sector. IBS Survey 2010 highlighted that the use of system formwork such as metal, aluminium, plastic etc. gained its popularity recently due to its flexibility, because it can be used in many projects, recyclable at many phase of construction and can be used in different types of design structure. System formwork is not dependent on economy of scale and commercially via bility (Kamar et al, 2011). However, the precast system plays a significant role in IBS, but the use of precast system still low. What is the perception and awareness to the adoption of precast system in Malaysia? What are the problems in the implementation of precast system? The quality of precast system is enough sustainable? Precast system inflexible to change? 1.3 Aim and Objectives The aim of the study is to analysis the implementation of precast system in current states Malaysia construction industry. To achieve this aim, the following objectives have been identified: To determine the benefits of adoption of precast system. To identify the problems on adoption of precast system. To determine the factors affect the standardized of precast design 1.4 Hypothesis Adoption of precast system can provides high level quality construction, more cost competitive, rapidly increases construction period, reduces dependence on foreign labor, reduces wastage environmental-friendly and maintains cleanliness at construction sites. 1.5 Scope of Study The scope of study will focus on the precast system of IBS only. Data collection will conduct in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor only. 1.6 Research Methodology Questionnaire 100 questionnaires will send by mail or post to developer companies, consultant practices, contractor companies and manufacturers in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The design of survey questionnaire includes several processes such as literature review on survey and IBS (precast system) itself. It is important to enhance knowledge in survey method. The questions provide primarily quantitative data, and are frequently used in confirmatory research. In determining the objective of this research, close-ended question was widely used as it could provide the answer in a scale format. Interviews Follow up interviews also were used in this research as a confirmation or to add more information on IBS (precast system) from the respondents. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Definition of Industrialised Building System In Malaysia construction sector, Industrialised Building System (IBS) is defined as construction system which components are manufactured in factories, on or off site, transported, positioned and assembled into structure with minimal additional site work (IBS Survey CIDB, 2003). IBS also defined as which all building components such as floor slab, column, wall, staircase and beam are mass produced either in factories or at site with well quality control and reduce on site activities (Trikha, 1999). Warswaski (1999) asserted that an industrialisation process is an investment in equipment, facilities, and technology with the objective of maximising production output, minimising labour resource, and improving quality while a building system is defined as a set of interconnected element that joint together to enable the designated performance of a building. An IBS is a continuum beginning from utilising craftsmen for every aspect of construction to a system that make use of manufacturing production in order to minimize resource wastage and enhance value for end users (Esa and Nuruddin, 1998). Lessing et al, (2005) defined IBS as an integrated manufacturing and construction process with well planned organization for efficient management, preparation and control over resources used, activities and results supported by the used of highly developed components. 2.2 History of Industrialised Building System Nowadays, the implementation of Industrialised Building System (IBS) is not new and not just occurs in Malaysia construction industry. The history of using IBS started in the United Kingdom housing industry on the mid of 1900à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, when IBS and other types of prefabricated construction system or technique were used to solve the shortage of houses due to the problem of widespread destruction of housing stock during the Second World War. The attention and adoption of IBS were getting more concerned in construction sector after the Second World War due to the need to quickly solve the critical shortage of houses. In Malaysia, the adoption of IBS began in early 1960s when Ministry of Housing and Local Government of Malaysia visited several European countries and evaluated their housing development program (Thanoon et al, 2003). In year 1964, our government had launched 2 pilot projects by using IBS. The first pilot projects with adoption of IBS in Malaysia was constructed on 22.7 acres of land along Jalan Pekeliling which included the construction of 7 blocks of 17 storey flats, and 4 blocks of 4-storey flats comprising about 3,000 units of low cost flats and 40 storey shop lots. The first pilot project was awarded to the Gammon/ Larsen Nielsen by using the Danish System of large panels in a pre-fabricated system. Afterwards, the government of Malaysia had launched the second project, a six block of 17-storey flats and three blocks of 18-storey flats at Jalan Rifle Range. This project was awarded to the Hochtief/ Chee Seng by using the French Estoit System (Din, 1984). A performance of comparison in term of cost, quality and productivity has been carried out between IBS and conventional construction method by referring on the two pilot project launched by our government. From the comparison in term of cost, it invented that the first pilot project was 8.1% higher meanwhile the second pilot project was 2.6% lower than by using conventional system for a similar type of building or project. For productivity or time frame, both projects required 27 months to complete, while include of the time needed to set up the recasting factories. In term of quality, the quality of both pilot projects was discovered well and better than the conventional construction method. From the performance of comparison of both pilot projects, it showed that the rival between the IBS and the conventional construction method. Today in the Malaysia construction industry, complete projects usage of IBS is gradually increasing however ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s still slow and not satisfied as forecasting especially in private sector. Although, the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) has been actively promoting and encouraging the implementation of IBS since a decade. In year 2003, the Cabinet Minister has approved the IBS Roadmap 2003 to 2010 with one of the key elements is to is to enforce the utilisation of IBS content for 30% for any government building project in 2004 and gradually increasing this to 50% in 2006 and 70% in 2008. Afterwards, The Governments Industrialised Building System (IBS) Roadmap 2011 to 2015 has approved which will replace the IBS Roadmap 2003 to 2010 and this new IBS Roadmap will more pay attention on the adoption of IBS in private sector building project. The main goal of the new IBS Roadmap is to increase the existing usage of IBS content to 50% in the private sector buildi ng project till 2015 in Malaysia construction sector which till now the adoption of IBS content in the private sector is less than 10%. The IBS roadmap 2011 to 2015 also plans to sustain the existing momentum of 70% IBS content for the government building project till 2015. 2.3 Classification of Industrialised Building System Industrialised Building System (IBS) is construction system or technique which components are mass manufactured in factories whether on or off site with well quality control, transported to assembled into structure so that can reducing the site activities. There are five main types or groups indentified and classified by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) are used in Malaysia construction industry (CIDB 2003):- Pre-cast concrete framing, panel and box system are the most ordinary type of Industrialised Building System (IBS) among other types in Malaysia construction industry. The elements are columns, walls, beams, floor slabs, 3D elements such as lift chambers, staircases, toilets and balconies, permanent concrete formwork etc. These elements or components are produced or manufactured in factories with well quality control and then transported to site for install or assembly. Steel formwork system are the most popular group which can to be used in various types of design structural and many phase of construction in our industry because of its flexibility and recyclable. Besides that, steel formwork system is easier for used and installation among other groups and offer a high quality finish. It suitable applied in tunnel forms, columns and beam moulding forms and permanent steel formworks. The elements of steel framing system are steel beams and columns, roof trusses and portal frames which normally used together with precast beams, column and floor slabs. In addition, this system is suitable for time effective and skyscraper construction project. Prefabricated timber framing system is normally adopted as timber frames, and roof trusses of a building. This system always has been used extensively in western countries housing developments. Furthermore, it offers a unique and interesting design while the rate of timbers is gradually increasing in nowadays. Nowadays, many of development building projects are used block work system such as interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU) and lightweight concrete blocks. The element of block work systems normally used as bricks in structures and interlocking concrete block pavement. 2.4 Precast Concrete Framing, Panel and Box System 2.4.1 Introduction Precast concrete can defined as elements or components are cured and manufactured in factories or plant environments with high quality control and then transported to site for installation and assembled into structure. The utilisation of precast system in Malaysia construction sector is not new, especially for rapid construction project with high accuracy, productivity and quality such as schools, hospitals, Light Rail Transit (LRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), apartments, drain infrastructures etc. However, the application of precast concrete system still low as forecasting while government was actively promoting it. The industry chooses to use the conventional construction method and ignore the benefits of using precast system. The most common types of precast concrete system structural elements in practice:-

Relationship Between Man and Machine in Lewis Mumford’s Technics and Ci

Relationship Between Man and Machine in Lewis Mumford’s Technics and Civilization Lewis Mumford’s Technics and Civilization is both a chronicle and a critique of the development of technology alongside society. Mumford sees the development of modern technology as having occurred in three distinct phases—greatly oversimplifying, one could say that the phases represent the shift from â€Å"wood and water† to â€Å"coal and iron† and finally to â€Å"alloy and electricity†. The work is also intensely concerned with the relationship between war and technology. Though the book was written in 1934, its insights transcend the decades and are surprisingly applicable today. An issue concerning us right now, Mumford talks at length about the influences of war on technological advancement, in fact, "at every stage in its modern development it was war rather than industry and trade that showed in complete outline the main features that characterize the machine." [1] We may be inclined to say that warfare, rather than necessity, is the mother of invention. The large majority of new discoveries and inventions aren't discovered by quirky inventors in their basement labs. Instead, we have research and development teams working in large corporations with grants from the US Military. It is somewhat unsettling to think that many of our brightest minds are hired to further their fields under the watchful direction of our military. Of course, many inventions developed by the military make their way into civilian life arguably completely separated from its intended martial use. The most obvious example comes from ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency); the Internet. The Department of Defense was very interested in develop... ... backed up with specific examples, and we often found ourselves in awe of his ability to collect, analyze, and interpret so many obscure moments in history. It’s an excellent collection of insights into the intimate relationship between man and machine. Works Cited 1. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 89 2. Ruthfield, Scott, â€Å"The Internet’s History and Development: From Wartime Tool to the Fish-Cam,† http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds2-1/inet- history.html 3. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 216 4. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 218 5. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 232 6. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 151 7. Mumford, Lewis, Technics and Civilization, Harbinger, 1934, pg. 176

Naslunds Novel, Ahabs Wife and Melvilles Moby Dick :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Challenging Writing as a Male Tradition in Naslund's Novel, Ahab's Wife and Melville's Moby Dick In Sena Jeter Naslund's novel Ahab's Wife, there is repetitive reference to "the chaos of the waves (40);" Naslund uses these images of turbulent water in contrast to the precise and patterned nature of stitched quilts. She equates the process of "writing a book" to the "posture of sewing (70)." She asserts "when one stitches, the mind travels...And books, like quilts, are made one word at a time, one stitch at a time (70)." The consequences of making this type of connection within a literary narrative authored by a woman writer are penetrative to the fundamental assumptions about the creation of literature. I put forth, then, the theory that Naslund knowingly mocks the concept that writing, particularly writing to make literature, is primarily a male tradition, the prevailing thought during Una's existence as a fictional character. Naslund derives Una from Moby-Dick, takes a peripheral character in a major novel about a man's "war upon the deep (18)," a novel she knows has been marked a classic and has endured beyond its time period, and compels the shadow-figure of the male's narrative into the prominent voice of a female's narrative. What is produced by the male becomes a reproduction by the female. In effect, tradition is usurped, inversed, and woman dominates the text, a text birthed by Melville, a hugely lauded male author. Therefore, man author exchanges positions with woman, becomes impregnated by a story, tells the story, brings the story into existence. The woman author takes the story and retells it, reclaiming it as her own, brings a new story into existence. She overshadows the object of fiction previously created and through intertextuality connects herself to the expanse of literature. She blatantly utilizes the man's text to her own literary advantages, and discovers an act of erecting a me morial for women through "one word at a time." The "stitching" of "one word at a time" in direct opposition to the journey of man's mind which "travels...with ax and oxen through the wilderness (70)" explicitly undermines Ahab's journey, his "war upon the deep," whether or not Una is aware of the disruptive quality of her stream of consciousness. Una suggests that "writing a book...which men

brave new world :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The novel â€Å"Brave New World†, by Aldous Huxley, is a history book written for the future. The author envisions our society in the future and the dangerous direction it is headed in. â€Å"Brave New World† verse reality creates similarities between these two worlds. Our society is based on balance and when that balance is broken, unhappiness accrues. If the truth was hidden, happiness could never be disturbed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In chapter sixteen, Mustapha Mond explains why their society hides the truth and how the truth could cause pain. Soma is used in the â€Å"Brave New World† to prevent the truth or any clichà ©s that could cause unhappiness. Lenina, â€Å"A gramme is always better than a damn,† â€Å"A gramme in time saves nine.† In reality we call that drug abuse. Drug addicts use different substances to escape the harsh reality of truth. Living without the drugs seems unimaginable and frightening in both worlds.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœHypnopaedia’ is used to teach people their way of life and moral lessons. In the story a young boy named Ruben Rabinovivch fell asleep with the radio on listening to a professor giving a lecture. When he awoke the next morning he could recite the facts, but did not know what they meant. In our society, people use similar tactics with tapes to learn and memorize facts. Also propaganda and advertisements are use to convince or even to control our way of thinking into what the advertiser wants us to believe. If someone in the â€Å"Brave New World† society does not follow the propaganda, they are considered abnormal and an outcast. We do the same in our current reality by not accepting someone in our group if he has different beliefs, culture or religion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I consider the ‘Nine Years’ War’ to be compared to the war in Afghanistan. The biochemical warfare is used in both worlds. Our civilization today is concerned and scared. If the truth were hidden, as to the â€Å"Brave New World† maybe our society would be happy, too.

The first Olympic Games

The year is 776BC, and in Athens the first Olympic Games are about to start, the festivities have begun with a feast and sacrifices for the gods. The Olympic Spirit was a key part of their society. It was the one-time cultures from all of Greece could come together and celebrate, compete and enjoy. In the past few weeks we have been discussing the pros and cons of different issues and today it's the tur of Olympics. Approximately 2000 years later, what has changed, not much? But this Olympic spirit is ingrained within the Games, the international community spirit along with the best athletes coming together and competing in one of the most prestigious sporting competition in the world. I'd like to give you three reasons to explain why and Why the games will benefit Britain Firstly because of urban regeneration; this has been put at the heart of the London bid, and is a massive benefit to hosting the Olympic Games; there is the opportunity to redevelop areas that are dilapidated and have physical disorders. Although many locations in and around London will be used for Olympic Games the core location for most of the events will be the 500-acre Olympic Park in the Lower Lea Valley in East London, Which stretches over 5 boroughs: namely Tower Hamlets, Hackney, Camden, Greenwich and Stratford. 3 years ago Lower Lea Valley, was literally a dump site, with muggings at an all time high, knife crimes were going up and up. And you know why? Because no one cared about the place, it was considered to be a dirty, dangerous and dilapidated. And know gentlemen, due to the Olympic Committee's regeneration programme, the streets are clean, the alleys are well light The most important venue of the 2012 has been described as an architect's dream. Planned and already in building the 500 acre park promises an excellent site for sporting activities, with over 9 competition events, and is claimed to be the biggest sports site in Europe for nearly 150 years. Outside of the new Olympic Park, which will principally host indoor sports and track and athletic events, all of England will join in as hosts. However it is not just London that is going to benefit. Throughout the countries there will be facilities available. Already the Olympic Committee, has set up brilliant badminton centers in Birmingham, superb swimming pools in Swansea and even mountain biking in Manchester! However to gain the most from the Olympics we need to maximize the legacy effect. Currently the plan is to sell the Olympic stadium to West Ham Football Club, so that they can keep the sporting spirit alive. The legacy effect is in essence the only thing that will keep allow us to maintain the investment of hosting the Olympic Games. Britain, has the highest number of sports fans in the world, we have a pride in our sport, when we hear our national anthem at any event our hearts swell with pride. Recently in the last Commonwealth Games over a thousand British supporters flew out to India to support Team GB. We are proud to be British, Londoner, but the 2012 Olympics is not just about London. It's about team GB, it's about national pride, it's about an amazing, historical event taking place on our doorstep, it's about getting excited and involved, and it's about making sure that we maximise the legacy and the investment. As Lord Coe said â€Å"The Games will inspire the nation and give us the ability to showcase all that is great about Britain.†

Living on Campus or Living Off Campus

Living on campus Living on campus Living off campus Living off campus VS. VS. Live on campus or live off campus Recently, one of the most popular issues that students are talking about is where to live in the next academic year. Some students believe that live on campus is a better choice because living in resident halls on campus is convenient and safe. Some other students think that live off campus is better, because it will have fewer restrictions and a better accommodation. Each choice has its own advantages and disadvantages. That’s why I was struggling for this issue for a long time.After careful consideration, I believe that live on campus is a better choice and I have a lot of reasons to support it. First of all, live on campus is safer. Living on campus will dramatically reduce the potential possibilities of accidents on the roads like car accident, robbery and sexual assault. There is a famous murder case, which generated international attention earlier this year. Wu and Qu, two 23-year-old electrical engineering graduate students of University of Southern California who come from China, were shot when they were driving home in a BMW sedan from the library around 1 a. m. on April 11. (nbclosangeles. om) The criminal’s motive of murder is robbery. Just because they lived off campus and had to drive back home, the two young lives stops suddenly in the most beautiful period of their life and left endless sadness to their friends and families. According to a survey from Trinity College, 60. 2% of students indicated that they felt safe on campus and 28. 4% felt unsafe. (Grace Kim). There is another accident just happened around us. A friend of my parents lost his son in a car accident in America. He was a student of Indiana University and at one day he drove home, his car crashed into a big tree and caused a fire.He was burned to death in the car. Safety is always the most important thing for college students, especially for international stu dents, since their parents are thousands miles away and worries about them all the time. Because of safety, living on campus is better choice than living off campus. Besides the reason of safety, resident halls also create a perfect environment to live and study. Taking the example of Michigan State University First, the resident halls supply various kinds of services, which are all very useful and necessary.When you have any troubles and questions, you can go to the front desk to ask for help; When people are ill, they can go to the health center, the nurses and doctors there will give people prescriptions and suggestions for health in time; When you miss lunches or even hungry at midnight, small cafeterias, like the Sparty’s will offer warm food, drink and snacks for you. The staffs in resident halls are always friendly and patient, which make us feel warm. Second, there are a lot of resources in resident halls. Since I don’t know them very well, I interviewed the re sident assistant in our floor.Her name is Doneisha Parker and she is a sophomore in accounting major. She briefly introduced the 23 resources of resident halls on campus and focused on 3 most useful ones. Math Learning center (MLC), which can give you math tuition on every Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday. Writing center, which can give you suggestions for the papers you are working on by appointment. Yoga and Zumba classes three times a week are good for your health and beauty. All of these resources are very helpful and they are free. Third, people can have their individual place for rest and study between classes.In college study, there is always a large amount of time between classes. People live on campus can go back to their dorms for rest, study, or entertainment. People live off campus, however, have to stay in libraries or some other places during these breaks. According to a study, which investigated the relationship of loneliness, social support, and living arrangements with academic persistence decisions of 401 college freshmen, freshmen living on campus had higher GPAs (M= 2. 85, SD = . 73) than those living off campus (M = 2. 59, SD = . 2)(Nicpon 345-358) Another reason that makes me believe that live on campus is a better choice than live off campus is that we can meet more people and have more friends. There are so many chances to meet new friends if you live on campus. First of all, you will know the people live on the same floor with you since you meet with each other everyday. Also, you will know a lot of people from the activities and clubs in resident halls if you participate in actively. For example, the Hubbard hall in Michigan State University has an international Club.This club organizes activities and meetings every week and creates a perfect environment for communication between students from different countries. What’s more, having meals in cafeteria, studying in public area are also the chances to meet people and make new frien ds. If living off campus, however, most of these will be impossible. Because of the safety, the great environment and more chances to make friend, I prefer to live on campus when I become a sophomore. I hope that I can have a great time on campus. Works Cited Grace Kim, Safety and Education at Trinity College, 20 December 2004Nicpon, Megan Foley, et al. â€Å"The relationship of loneliness and social support with college freshmen’s academic performance and persistence. † Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice 8. 3 (2006): 345-358 Doneisha Parker, Personal Interview, 22 October 2012 Nbclosanglas. com: Police: Forensic Evidence Tied USC Murder Suspects to Earlier Crimes, by Melissa Pamer and Samantha Tata, May 19, 2012 http://www. nbclosangeles. com/news/local/Police-Forensic-Evidence-Tied-USC-Murder-Suspects-to-Earlier-Crimes-152147955. html

Organic & Processed foods: What’s Better Essay

There are a lot of differences and similarities with organic and processed foods. I’m sure when everyone was a kid they could eat whatever they wanted and didn’t worry about what it did to their body. I remember when I was younger I would cook a whole Tostito’s Pizza and consume the whole thing myself in under five minutes. I wouldn’t gain a pound and that same night I would have two big macs (back when there was a big mac Monday) and sit on my butt playing video games. It’s not like I didn’t have the exercise. I played all sorts of little league sports including baseball and soccer. You may think I was writing an essay on the effects of metabolism but I’m more interested in finding out what the words â€Å"Organic† and â€Å"Processed† foods really mean. What kind of chemicals are in them and what the huge fuss is about. I think this is an important topic to write about because most people don’t know what the difference is. What makes a food organic? What happens to the ingredients when converting it into a processed food? I think if you understand more about this issue people would choose to live healthier and know how easy it is to alter their diet. Organic food has gone back in history ever since the first person decided to take and seed, plant it, and then eat what the plant produced. This is known as farming if you were confused. Over the years farming has evolved from types of fertilizer used, machinery, tools, equipment and even animals. Machines can harvest a field of crops in one hour where a hundred years ago it would have taken a full day. Processed foods are more close to our time. In the 1920s, women were growing weary of preparing foods from scratch, and ready-to-cook foods were becoming more available. World War I brought about new methods of food processing, including canned and frozen foods. When World War II hit by the 1940s people needed away to ration the food for the soldiers. After the war, many new â€Å"convenience foods† were introduced like dehydrated juice, instant coffee, and cake mix. Farmers used fertilization and irrigation to increase crop yields, decreasing the vitamins and minerals in those plants. Government subsidies for corn and soy led to a food industry with a financial incentive to use high fructose corn syrup, hydrogenated oils, modified corn starches to produce lots of highly processed (and unhealthy) foods. The U. S. issued guidelines for adding iron, vitamin B, thiamine and riboflavin to bread and other grain products to offset nutrient deficiencies. With all of the changes that were going on in the food industry there was always someone trying to tighten the noose by the power of democracy. Soon farmers were being replaced by machines and factories. Fast food corporations were growing more and more and farms were depleting less every day. As I researched into the major debating controversy I found that most people would agree that the organic foods are healthier to consume. The organic industry has sky rocketed in the last couple years because of the messages that was sent out saying organic farming is safer and healthier for the environment. But is it actually healthier for you in the long run? Other consumers argue that organic farming can be dangerous and unsafe to digest due to the invisible toxins and pesticide found in organic produce could even be as dangerous as synthetic chemicals. Most people would agree that switching from a processed food nation to an organic food country would be best. But it’s easier said than done. Organic foods and processed foods are different in a lot of ways. Processed foods contain more bad chemicals and bad fat per calorie than any other natural food. You can determine whether a food is processed by looking at the ingredient list. The longer the ingredient list, the more processed a food is likely to be. Processed foods are usually found in the center aisles of the grocery store and are more likely to contain ingredients that you are not able to recognize. Organic foods are foods that don’t have any harmful fertilizers, pesticides or sewage. Animals that produce meats, poultry, or eggs and don’t use any kind of steroids in the process are considered organic. There are a lot of different sides to both of these categories. Most critics who agree with organic foods are humanitarians who believe in renewable resources and not using exotic chemicals that may be harmful to the environment. Also in this case it helps with how the animals are being treated. For example, in a processed factory for animals the cows are caged in tight corners and forced to eat so they are worth more. When animals are raised by farmers, they have the freedom of a decent sized field and their manure will decompose and fertile the land. On the other hand processed food critics have done research that shows processed food saves on money and meets the demand of the growing population of consumers. The only way to meet this demand is by using steroids and food enhancers/substitutes. People buy processed foods because they have a longer expiration date and you can freeze them. It takes time to prepare a meal from organic foods. Processed foods can be made easily by adding water, boiling, frying or if you’re an American like me, microwaving. Plus processed foods are typically cheaper, you get more bang for your buck. What is organic food? The term â€Å"organic† refers to the way agricultural products are grown and processed. Specific requirements must be met and maintained in order for products to be labeled as â€Å"organic†. Organic crops must be grown in safe soil, have no modifications, and must remain separate from conventional products. Farmers are not allowed to use synthetic pesticides, bioengineered genes (GMOs), petroleum-based fertilizers, and sewage sludge-based fertilizers. Some organic foods contain more vitamins than processed foods, according to Organic Facts. For example, organic milk contains more vitamins than non-organic milk. Organic milk is believed to be of better quality because the cows that produce it eat a better diet, which includes grazing for large parts of the day. Organic fruits and vegetables also tend to contain more vitamins than processed ones, according to nutritionist Shane Heaton. Not only do many organic foods contain more vitamins than processed foods, they also contain more antioxidants, according to Organic Facts. A University of California Davis study found that organically-raised tomatoes had higher concentrations of the antioxidants quercetin and kaempferol, both of which may protect the body against certain diseases by helping promote cell health. The researchers at the University of California Davis believe that organic foods contain more antioxidants because plants create antioxidants in order to defend themselves from plant-eating insects. Conventionally raised plants do not need to produce as many antioxidants because any plant-eating insects that might prey on them are controlled with insecticide. Because organic foods must be raised and processed without insecticides, herbicides or similar chemicals, the finished product available in the store usually contains fewer of these chemicals than processed foods, according to Heaton. Although many pesticide residues may be harmless to humans, people who are sensitive to others may experience symptoms that can be alleviated by reducing the amount of conventionally processed food in the diet. Farmers also use a cycling method when farming so they can reduce the amount of bugs and pesticides. They will plant different crops in each cycle so that they do not get the same pesticides returning. Organic farming is designed to protect the environment. By removing chemicals and other artificial farming methods from the equation, you save soil and water and reduce pollution. Organic farmers also use more humane methods of producing their meat, eggs and other animal products. For those concerned with the environment or the treatment of the animals they eat, the peace of mind is worth the extra cost. With all of the good that comes from organic food what could possibly be some negative things about eating organic foods and why does everyone think that processed foods are so bad? Because organic farmers do not use artificial means to produce their products, they tend to produce less. Organic farming is also more expensive than conventional farming, as can be seen with the cost of using a chemical weed killer versus the manpower required to manually pull weeds and rotate crops, for example. The combination of lower production rates with higher overhead makes organic products more expensive. One can also argue on the fact that it may be more environmentally friendly if you drive the shorter distance such as 50 miles to your local farmer to purchase food rather purchasing the organic food that has traveled over 1500 miles to get to you. Organic food can sometimes be limited to people, especially if you live in more rural areas. The most important issue that seems to affect all of America is the simple fact that because organic food is harder to process and is more time consuming to grow there is a shortage of it. Organic food does not come in huge quantities like other food does. So because of organic food being in high demand from grocery stores and other consumers the prices are extremely high. That then means there are a high percentage of people in our society that cannot afford to eat organic food, to me that is just reminding someone that they are basically â€Å"poor†. So what if they want to eat healthy as well? We are just going to say sorry you are out of luck because you can’t afford it? Next let’s talk about processed food. What is processed food? Processed foods have been altered from their natural state, either for safety reasons or for convenience. The methods used include canning, freezing, refrigeration, dehydration and aseptic processing. Processed foods are very convenient for the society because they can usually be prepared very quickly and allow minimal time and energy. By processing food we can also preserve food so that it will have longer shelf life, allow us to lower prices, and get food to more rural areas. When we process food we are putting preservatives into them so that they will last longer which allows stores and consumers to sell them longer without them spoiling. By allowing the foods to not spoil as quickly as others the stores can lower the prices which allows everyone of all social classes to be able to buy the foods. Another huge reason that processed foods is very ideal for our society is the fact that we are able to get the food to more rural areas. When we transfer organic foods to rural areas it ends up costing more because to get it there before the food would spoil would cost an extreme amount of money which then makes the prices of food go up. By being able to preserve the food so that its expiration date is longer we can get the food to rural areas in more effective ways that allows the environment to be safer and cleaner, then also reducing the prices in which more people can afford the food. We tend to think of processed food as bad, like most high-fat, high-calorie snack foods or even those prepackaged meals you fix in a skillet, but it turns out that some of these foods are not bad for your health at all. For example, milk would be considered a processed food because it’s pasteurized to kill bacteria and homogenized to keep fats from separating. Some people prefer raw milk, but it can lead to lead to food-borne illness, so most of us are happy to consume the healthy processed milk we find in our grocery stores. Freezing vegetables preserves most vitamins and minerals and makes them convenient to store, cook and eat all year around. Fruit and vegetable juice is also an example of a healthy processed food — usually. In fact, some orange juice is fortified with calcium to make it even more nutritious. Oatmeal, unbreaded frozen fish fillets, canned salmon, frozen berries and 100-percent whole grain bread are also examples of processed foods that are good for you. Sure, there are a lot of processed foods that aren’t good for you. Many of these bad ones are made with trans-fats, saturated fats, and large amounts of sodium and sugar. These processed foods should be avoided, or at least eaten sparingly. Processed foods are also more appealing to the eye and because of food additives they can taste even better. Basically the biggest downside to processed foods is one will lose a few nutrients. After researching these two topics I understood what the communal agreement was and the controversy that surrounded it. But I needed to find out what else needed to be further questioned. There wasn’t a lot of information surrounding what affects it would have on the grocery stores. The prices that were listed on a trusted source showed that the organic food was often priced higher than any processed food items, usually forty to fifty percent more. This is because it takes a lot of steps to grow and distribute organic foods, here are some of the steps it takes to successfully distribute the produce. Prepare the field and properly fertile the land after the previous plants have been harvested, this process is what takes most of majority. They have to buy the seed themselves and base off what they want to sale the crop for to turn around for some profit. They also have to put in the man hours and distribution cost. As you can see it takes a lot of time to complete this process rather growing and distributing it all in one location like how the processed food organizations do it. As I was saying I would like to see what the total cost was on organic food verses processed food, maybe from a big corporation like Wal-Mart to compare the differences. One other thing that I think should be a little more covered is the shelf life on an organic and non-organic food item. Because non-organic food has preservatives in them they can last a lot longer. In this case you would have to make less trips to the store and save money on gas, it will also help with the environment. But would it be worth it in the end. Organic foods can go bad very quickly but it needs to be broken down to a science. How much longer will a processed mango last than organic mango. After the experiment has concluded customers will have more knowledge of what to buy accordingly. Between organic and processed foods organic foods may have more natural nutrients when eaten. But you can get just as good nutrients from processed foods. It really boils down to what one chooses to eat and what they prefer. There are alternative ways to getting all nutrients one needs for their body without having to pay a high price if you can’t afford it. Even if you eat organic foods that doesn’t mean someone will not indulge on the fatty foods such as ice cream, potato chips, etc. It comes down to what one will eat whether it is processed or organic.

Reaction Paper: Film About Life The Forest Has Essay

The film that we watched showed what kind of life the forest has and how large diversity of life inhabits in it. The trees are not only the living things that exist in it but many kinds of animals and insects as well. Life in the forest is so rich and there are many biotic forces that strive hard just to survive. Trees for example, need light for making food and getting energy but since they are too many in numbers, only the oldest and the strongest get to grow. Even so, since life is a cycle, a death of a powerful tree sheds birth to small plants and a new cycle or generation comes about. Animals have their way of surviving too. They usually go or live in large numbers so as to get a strategic territory. Chimpanzees for example live in colony and protect their habitat from other chimpanzees and other animals as well. They love fig trees too. Since many other animals like birds and squirrels like fig trees, the chimpanzees ward off their territories by creating noisy screams or sounds to frighten their enemies. Survival is the most important thing in the forest. One has to be strong to be alive and to keep their species reproducing. One also has to be wise and strong but it is not insurance to life. Many species became extinct and many reproduce a lot. I really like the film because it showed how diverse the biotic forces in the forest. It gave the viewers the glimpse of life in the forest and the never before seen happenings in it that lay people do not know or have no knowledge about. I learned how important our forest and the ecosystem in our life and how we should take good care of it. We should ensure it is healthy because if it dies, all the living organisms living in it will die. And surely, not long afterwards, the human race will die with it. Therefore, we should start conserving our forest. We should not wait until it is fully destroyed beyond repair because all the living forces will suffer the consequence, including us.

Motivations of War Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Motivations of War - Assignment Example The inefficient manner in which search operations for Osama-bin-laden was carried out showed that the American government’s interest lay elsewhere – namely the oil rich Iraq. The supposed presence of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the hands of the authoritarian Iraqi leaders Saddam Hussein is also proven to be a fabrication. Hence, the real motivation for the ongoing War on Terror operations seem to be to secure strategic material interests of the United States. In this process, the consequences for Iraq/Afghanistan civil society and its local economy is given scant regard. We could analyze the War on Terror operations within the framework of ‘Just War’ theory presented in the book â€Å"The Origins of War: Biological and Anthropological Theories†. Admittedly, the 9/11 terror strikes were heinous acts that cannot be justified under humanitarian principles. The 9/11 attacks were not an attack on the United States alone, but on all of human civilization. Continuing in this vein, one could argue that the threat posed by networks such as Al Qaeda is potentially as big as that of totalitarian rulers of the past, including Hitler and Stalin. Hence, it won’t be illogical to equate the ongoing military engagements of the United States to its major confrontations against Nazism and Stalinism. (Dowd, 2009) But those state apologists who make these claims do not make a serious effort to justify the War on Terror with the conditions laid down by the Just War theory, most likely because the case is a weak one. The invasion and occupation of Iraq is a breach of several of the Just War conditions, the most blatant of which is the numerous civilian fatalities that the war has caused. We also realize that the doctrine of Pre-emptive war, which was the cornerstone of the eight year term of George W. Bush, has several flaws in it.

Structural design 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Structural design 1 - Essay Example Failure to carry out proper structural design results to the building being too weak and it may collapse killing many people (Charlton, 1973). A structural engineer has very important roles in designing the support of the house as well as designing the layout of the building. The engineer works closely with the architect to ensure stability of the building. The main challenges of any structural design are; The structure engineer has to critically evaluate and analyze different materials and their behavior when loaded and select the most effective and affordable materials. These analysis are important so that the engineer can come up with a design that is economical and can withstand load. Structural design ensures that the building stands straight, firm and safe. It also ensures that the building resist excessive deflections that expose the structural elements to fatigue. The structural elements must be designed to resist cracking and creep. The design postulated by the structural engineer must also take in consideration the changes in length of the building materials due to change in temperatures as this lead to deformation of materials. The design must be made to the material specifications including all the manufacturing tolerances. The major structural element used in building includes columns, beams plates, arches, shells and catenaries(Science Corporation, 2001). Columns are elements that carry the axial ... The design must be made to the material specifications including all the manufacturing tolerances. The major structural element used in building includes columns, beams plates, arches, shells and catenaries(Science Corporation, 2001). Materials and methods In this design the following structural members will be used. ColumnsColumns are elements that carry the axial force. The force may be either in tension or in compression. The main design consideration is the axial capacity of the column and the buckling capacity. The buckling capacity of the element is it ability to resist buckling. This capacity depends on the; The physical geometry of the beam The effective length of the column (this length depends on the resisting capability at both end of the column). The degree of bending of the column determines the capacity of the column. Beams There are two types of beams used in this design. Beams are subjected to pure bending. The result of this is bending causes parts of the beam to be in tension while the other part to be in compression. Beam Sections under tension must be designed to resist it while sections in compression must be designed to resist crushing and buckling. In cases where the beams are very long, trusses are incorporated. When a beam is under tension ties are used to resist these forces, struts are used where beams need to withstand compressive forces. Cantilever beam This type of beam is supported at one end. The other end lies free. Simply supported beam This type of beam is supported vertically at the two ends. At one of the ends it is supported horizontally to enable it rotate at its support. This prevents

CIPD, People Management & Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CIPD, People Management & Development - Essay Example The autocrat approaches of managers gave way to democratic approaches. More and more scientific methods implemented in the employee organization relationships. Modern century witness changes in every aspect of human life. Fast developing technologies and new thoughts developed after cold war changed the complexion of human life. Scientific methods are applied everywhere and the business arena also not an exception. Rapid changes in business strategies is taking place in order to explore the possibilities of new liberal world as well as due to the competition in the market. The Human Resources departments are also no exception. Out of the 4 M’s of an organization, Man, Material, Machine and Money, I think Man or the human resources are the most important entity. Competitive employees will always be an asset to organizations. Even if the other resources of the company are less, still only the smart employees can utilize it to ensure maximum productivity. If the employees are not competent enough then they will always complain about the resources which are not available rather than utilizing the existing ones. I have seen some examples in our company itself, in which some smart workers utilizing the available resources to ensure optimum production. Though our company is engaged in construction activities, as you know we don’t have enough resources and modern equipments to explore the available construction market, positively. Our equipments need to be modernized based on the requirements in order to compete in the market with quantity and quality. One of our regular clients has approached me with a job few months before. As soon I seen the specifications, I concluded that this job is not possible by us and at the same time I was not willing to disappoint the customer as he was a regular one giving us around 10% of our annual volume of works. I have discussed this project with our expert people and enquired about the possibilities of