Economic inflation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic ostentatiousness - Essay ExampleInflation is the consistent and sustain general price increase of commodities all over a period of time leading to fewer goods being purchased with every unit of the current currency. Inflation indicates a difference in the purchasing power establish on each unit of money within an economy. This is measured through the consumer price index over specified duration of time (Hart, 2009). There are two major attains of lump in some(prenominal) economy which are the demand-pull inflation and the cost-push inflation both of which will be discussed below in full stop and their effects explained as well. Causes The demand-pull inflation occurs when the demand of the goods or services exceed the ability to produce them or exceed the add on. Suppliers start increase the prices of the reduced goods and services when they start realizing its diminishing impart. If this continues, the central bank starts increasing the supply of money as a react ion to the aggregate demand. With the increase in money supply in circulation, businesses cannot increase the production and hence supply remains constant for a short man but this leads in the long run to an increase in rest and prices rise resulting therefore to inflation (Tucker, 2012). According to the illustration, Demand moves from D0 to D1, the supply remains constant for a while but then the equilibrium shifts from A to B leading to price increase and hence inflation. Source http//econrsrch/wklyltr/2000/el2000-21.html. The cost-push inflation is the other cause of inflation where there is an increase in cost of production which ultimately leads to an increase in the prices of huffy materials and wages. This increased cost by the firms is passed on to consumers. The cost-push inflation is caused by a monopoly company, inflation in the wages, vivid disasters, when the natural resources deplete, when the foreign exchange place fall leading to a reduction in the imports or b y the government when it increases its taxation (Tucker, 2012). All the above mentioned situations lead to a reduction in supplies. In the illustration, when the production cost increases caused by any of the above mentioned factors, the supply reduces from S0 to S1. The high demand and the reduced supply leads to a shift in the equilibrium and ultimately an increase in the price level from Z to Y causing inflation to take place. Source http//econrsrch/wklyltr/2000/el2000-21.html. Effects There are positive and banish effects of inflation. The positive effects of inflation include the fact that with inflation, the central banks adjust the interest rates as a way to mitigate the economic recession. This then leads to a ripple effect as banks also adjust their interest rates causing more people to take up loans and mortgages in a bid to deal with the consistently increasing prices and diminished supply. The banks therefore benefit from all this even off though mainly it is for a sho rt while depending on how long the inflation last (if it lasts for long, the light as people will be unable to repay the loans and mortgages). The other positive effect is that with the inflation looming, investment is directed to non-monetary projects which otherwise suffer when there is no inflation as people do not get time to invest their time and energy on them but with inflation they reach able to (Dwivedi, 2010). The negative effects however surpass the positive ones. These negative effects range from loss of employment leading to massive unemployment as companies which cannot afford to pay wages dismisses their workforce leaving lonesome(prenominal) a few who are overworked with no pay increase while others close their doors as they tell bankruptcy. There is also the fact that people start reducing their spending and usage rates as commodities become rare or the money to buy them dwindles causing a change in the way out of meals per day, others go hungry and homeless as they fail to repay to mortgages or their other debts